x文件是一种由微软公司开发的三维模型文件格式,也称为DirectX文件格式。它是一种较早的文件格式,常用于游戏开发、虚拟现实应用、建筑设计等领域。本文将介绍x文件的文件结构、规范链接等方面内容。
x文件采用文本格式存储,通常以“.x”为后缀名。它包含了3D模型的几何形状、材质信息、变换矩阵、动画等数据。
下面是一个简单的x文件示例:
xof 0303txt 0032
Header {
1;
}
Mesh {
2;
1.0;
MeshMaterialList {
1;
3;
0;
}
VertexList {
8;
-1.000000E+000; 1.000000E+000; -1.000000E+000;,
1.000000E+000; 1.000000E+000; -1.000000E+000;,
-1.000000E+000; -1.000000E+000; -1.000000E+000;,
1.000000E+000; -1.000000E+000; -1.000000E+000;,
-1.000000E+000; 1.000000E+000; 1.000000E+000;,
1.000000E+000; 1.000000E+000; 1.000000E+000;,
-1.000000E+000; -1.000000E+000; 1.000000E+000;,
1.000000E+000; -1.000000E+000; 1.000000E+000;;
}
IndexList {
12;
0,1,2;;
1,3,2;;
1,5,3;;
5,7,3;;
5,4,7;;
4,6,7;;
4,0,6;;
0,2,6;;
4,5,0;;
5,1,0;;
2,3,6;;
3,7,6;;
}
}
文件的第一行是文件头,包含文件版本号及文件类型。其后是一个Header部分,中括号内的数字表示该部分包含了一个子对象(Object)。
接下来是一个Mesh部分,它包含了该三维模型的顶点坐标、三角形索引、材质信息等。其中,MeshMaterialList表示该Mesh所用的材质列表,VertexList表示顶点列表,IndexList表示三角形索引列表。
需要注意的是,文件中所有的坐标数据都是以小数形式表示的,这个小数值是基于一个双精度浮点数的二进制表示。
x文件规范由微软所制定,其文件结构及语法等均有一定的规范。以下是相关的规范链接:
以下是一个x文件的示例文件,它描述了一个立方体的几何形状、材质信息及变换矩阵等:
xof 0303txt 0032
//立方体
Header {
1;
}
Frame Root {
FrameTransformMatrix {
1.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,1.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,1.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,1.000000E+000;;
}
Mesh Mesh01 {
10;
-1.000000,1.000000,1.000000;1.000000,1.000000,1.000000;-1.000000,-1.000000,1.000000;1.000000,-1.000000,1.000000;-1.000000,1.000000,-1.000000;1.000000,1.000000,-1.000000;-1.000000,-1.000000,-1.000000;1.000000,-1.000000,-1.000000;3,4,2;4,3,1;1,3,2;2,0,1;6,7,5;7,6,4;4,6,5;5,1,4;2,7,6;7,2,0;0,5,7;7,2,1;0,7,1;1,5,0;;
MeshMaterialList {
1;
1;
}
}
Frame BoxTop {
FrameTransformMatrix {
1.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,1.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,1.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,1.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,1.000000E+000;;
}
Mesh Mesh02 {
5;
-1.000000,1.000000,-1.000000;1.000000,1.000000,-1.000000;-1.000000,1.000000,1.000000;1.000000,1.000000,1.000000;0,1,2;1,3,2;;
MeshMaterialList {
1;
3;
}
}
}
Frame BoxBottom {
FrameTransformMatrix {
1.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,1.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,1.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,-1.000000E+000,0.000000E+000,1.000000E+000;;
}
Mesh Mesh03 {
5;
-1.000000,-1.000000,-1.000000;1.000000,-1.000000,-1.000000;-1.000000,-1.000000,1.000000;1.000000,-1.000000,1.000000;0,2,1;1,2,3;;
MeshMaterialList {
1;
3;
}
}
}
}
该示例文件由一个Root Frame组成,其中包含了Mesh01(立方体的六个面)、BoxTop(立方体顶面)及BoxBottom(立方体底面)三个子Frame。每个子Frame都包含了其相应的Transformation Matrix及Mesh信息。最终,整个文件描述了一个立方体的完整几何形状。